Impact Of Literary Events On Life - 1546 Words

Impact of Literary Events on Life Before I talk about how I learn literacy, I want to introduce my mother tongue Chinese, because learning Chinese characters is different from others languages. Chinese characters are logograms, of which we have almost ten thousands Chinese characters in our written language, but only a few thousands in common use. Most Chinese characters are monosyllable. In modern Chinese, characters mainly divided into simplified and traditional, which Wikipedia explains as kinds of characters used in Asian countries and regions: â€Å"Simplified forms of certain characters are used in mainland China, Singapore, and Malaysia; the corresponding traditional characters are used in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, and to a limited extent in South Korea.† In my opinion, simplified characters are easy to write, but traditional characters have more sense of beauty. Generally, in art or calligraphy people use traditional characters; in the daily life people use simplified characters. Of course, this only happens in China mainland, because in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau they only use traditional Chinese. I study Chinese at a very young age, so that I cannot remember how I start to learn it. I think maybe start at some simple characters like, Ã¥ ° (small), Ã¥ ¤ §(big), ä º º(people or human), taught to me by my parents. Then I begin to learn the Chinese phonetics, the phonetics like English letter â€Å"a b c †¦Ã¢â‚¬  except â€Å"v† and add â€Å"à ¼Ã¢â‚¬  in that. This is why we can use keyboard to input Chinese inShow MoreRelatedEmily Dickinson And Susan Dickinsons Poetry1149 Words   |  5 Pagesthe poet and the author was initiated by particular events from her biography, the moments that were defined by meeting people who played a substantial role in Dickinsons becoming a poet. Besides, because she started writing profusely at the time when the United States undergo one of the most paramount crisis in its history, one cannot avoid focusing on the role of the Civil War of her literary subject matter as well as her unique style of literary expression. As a resu lt, to trace Dickinsons growthRead MoreSymbolism In This Is Where It Ends By Marieke Nijkamp786 Words   |  4 Pages Opportunity’s life shattered as soon as the first gunshot went off. All because of the other student’s actions that built up, until Opportunity couldn’t stand the pressure anymore. In the story This is Where it Ends by Marieke Nijkamp the literary elements of symbolism, point of view, and setting help develop the theme that even the smallest of actions can impact someone in the greatest of ways. This theme is explored in many ways throughout the novel by the use of many techniques. The novelRead MoreAmerican History And Literature : The Roaring Twenties, The Great Depression, And Wwii942 Words   |  4 Pagesliterature. Considering that events such as WWI, the Roaring Twenties, the Great Depression, and WWII had formidable impacts on many people who lived during those parts of the early 20th century; it would be apropos to assume that many writers of that time had major influences in their writing styles out of the various events that occurred during those times. One popular literary movement during this time, however, was modernism; best depicted as a rejection of prior literary trends (mostly realism) thatRead More Comparing Sexy versus A Temporary Matter i n Interpreter of Maladies806 Words   |  4 PagesJhumpa Lahiri’s Interpreter of Maladies, where few stories of open-endings have an immense impact on the reader by creating a hunger to know what happens next. There is always one very noticeable advantage open-ended stories have over close-ended stories, that is the impact on the reader. The impact that makes the reader think, imagine and creates immaculate suspense as the reader is following the life of the protagonist with utmost anticipation, but all of sudden the story ends and the reader’sRead MoreEdgar Allan Poes Impact on American Literature1379 Words   |  6 Pageshistory. His horror stories have impacted numerous authors and their stories over the years. Various people have tried to copy his way of writing style, but they have failed to achieve the success he did. Even though Poe is no longer living, his impact on American literature can still be felt today. Edgar Allan Poe was born in Boston, Massachusetts on January 19, 1809. Even though Edgar Allan Poe did not grow up around his biological parents, his parents were both actors. â€Å"His father left the familyRead MoreGeoffrey Chaucer s Impact On Literature1231 Words   |  5 PagesGeoffrey Chaucer’s Impact on Literature: English poet Geoffrey Chaucer is acclaimed to be one of the best and most influential poets in history. Geoffrey Chaucer wrote several famous literary works in what is called middle English. Geoffrey Chaucer was born in 1340 in London, England. Over the course of Chaucer’s life, he entered and exited several different social classes. He began to write his most known pieces when he became a public servant to Countess Elizabeth of Ulster in 1357. He diedRead MoreGirl Interrupted And Night Analysis1017 Words   |  5 PagesAuthors tend to use literary elements in their memoirs to exhibit their true intentions. In Girl, Interrupted and Night, Susanna Kaysen and Elie Wiesel manipulate these devices to reveal how enduring agonizing moments in life, can assist with finding one’s individualism. Susanna Kaysen highlights the difficulty with being institutionalized for two years in her memoir, and Elie Wiesel narrates his journey of being imprisoned in Nazi concentration c amps. Within the memoirs, Girl, Interrupted and NightRead MoreThe Allegorical Meaning of The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay851 Words   |  4 Pagesallegory denouncing McCarthyism. The present written task will focus on the following question â€Å"If the text had been written in a different time or place or language or for a different audience, how and why might it differ?† Based on the context of this literary piece, we will therefore see how a text might change based on time period, the setting and the language used in the play The Crucible and the audience for which it was written. The aim of this task is also to visualize the reasons for these differencesRead MoreTaking a Look at the Jazz Age1600 Words   |  6 PagesAge was a time of change and new beginnings for Americans. During the Jazz Age, the United States erupted in new musical and cultural changes. These changes can be seen through the shift in literature, from conservative to contemporary writings, by litera ry giants like F. Scott Fitzgerald and Bessie Smith. The Jazz Age was known as the Roaring Twenties, and is still popular today due to its infamous jazz music, flappers, and prohibition. The Jazz Age was an exciting, and contemporary time period inRead MoreSamuel Clemens : The Father Of American Literature1614 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican Literature is a literary genre that is one of the many branches formed from the much broader literary genre, English Literature. Stories such as The Great Gatsby, Of Mice and Men, The Crucible, and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer are all popular examples of American Literature. Many of the most well-known written works of American Literature can be funneled back to one person, Samuel Clemens. Many people might say, who is Samuel Clemens? However, if they are informed of his â€Å"pen† name, they

The Scarlet Letter An Analysis of Puritanism and Sin Essay

The Scarlet Letter: An Analysis of Puritanism and Sin The Scarlet Letter is a modern classic of American literature written about controversy and published with controversy. The main topic of the book, adultery, is written in a dark and sad way, as Hawthorne describes injustice, fate or predetermination and conscience ( Van Doren, 1998) . No other American novel of the time has such a controversial theme as Hawthornes, The Scarlet Letter. The setting of Nathanial Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter is the seventeenth century Puritan New England. But Hawthornes writing for this book is heavily influenced by his own nineteenth century culture. Hawthorne strongly believed in Providence. Hawthorne was descended from the Puritan†¦show more content†¦He describes them as if hey were ghostsÂ…. Gazing with harsh and intolerant criticisms at the pursuits and enjoyments of living men. ( Bloom, 1986, p. ). Predestination, a belief of the Puritan ethic that mans fate is set at his birth is also very much a part of the characters of the book. The Reverend Mr. Dimmesdale, who committed adultery with Hester Prynne, uses the statement, Were it Gods will when he asks for Roger Chillingsworths advice on whether he should admit publicly to the adultery . Dimmesdale says I could be well content that my labours, and my sorrows, and my sins, and my pains, should shortly end with me, and what is earthly of them be buried in my grave, and the spiritual go with me to my eternal state, rather than you should put your skill to the proof on my behalf p. Hester Prynne and The Reverend Dimmesdales affair becomes the focus of the 17th century community in New England. Hester is the fallen woman who is brought before the court of community opinion and justice. This Puritan community believes that all men have fallen and all men are sinners (Bloom, 1986). Hester is made to wear the scarlet letter, an A. This A represents adulte ry and it is Hesters badge of dishonor and sin and a symbol of her failure. The scarlet letter is meant to affect the person wearing it by showing that they have sinned an are, in the end, sorry for their sin. The letter has the oppositeShow MoreRelatedPuritanism in the Scarlet Letter6423 Words   |  26 PagesAbstract The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne’s representative work, is a classical novel in American literature in the 19th century. The novel displays Puritanism’s great impact on peoples life and thought. This thesis will give a picture of puritans’ life and ideology through the analysis of the Puritan town Boston and some related characters, and introduce how the communities in the town are deeply influenced by Puritanism. Meanwhile, by analyzing the main character Hester, the thesis willRead MorePuritanism in the Scarlet Letter6430 Words   |  26 PagesAbstract The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne’s representative work, is a classical novel in American literature in the 19th century. The novel displays Puritanism’s great impact on peoples life and thought. This thesis will give a picture of puritans’ life and ideology through the analysis of the Puritan town Boston and some related characters, and introduce how the communities in the town are deeply influenced by Puritanism. Meanwhile, by analyzing the main character Hester, the thesis willRead MoreAnalysis Of The Scarlet Letter 972 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of The Black Man In The Scarlet Letter Symbolism is the practice of representing things by symbols, or of investing things with a symbolic meaning or character. In the novel â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, symbolism is the main feature of the story. Symbolism is used throughout the novel to describe every object in the story from the characters to the rosebush to the scarlet letter itself. One of the major symbols in â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† is the black man, who can not only beRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between The Crucible And The Scarlet Letter1111 Words   |  5 Pagesresulting in the loss of control and power over the people. The Scarlet Letter written by Nathaniel Hawthorne and The Crucible by Arthur Miller depict those same societal issues. The Scarlet Letter explains the consequences, that a women has to face on her own after she committed adultery in a Puritan society. The Crucible follows the Salem witch trials and the mass hysteria of the people in, an also, Puritan society. Both The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible had a similar puritan society and way of questioningRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1422 Words   |  6 Pages The eighteenth-century author, Nathaniel Hawthorne was born on July 4, 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts. He was most famous for his writings The Scarlet Letter, â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil† and an abundant array of other books and short stories. The stories that are mentioned contain a copious amount of symbolism throughout the entirety of each book. All the stories that he ever wrote have an underlying meaning and the symbolism was hidden within in the names, characters, placesRead MoreScarlet Letter Character Analysis1081 Words   |  5 Pagesliterary works, which is expressed throughout Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter. Pearl being an outcast from the rigid Puritan morals, and Hesters being independent and strong-willed challenges tradit ional society. These aspects all mirror the authors emotions and hardships of his early life through the literary element of characterization. Through the analysis of the main characters Hester and Pearl, we see how The Scarlet Letter is a reflection of Hawthornes life, and how the struggles and feelingsRead MoreCharacterization In The Scarlet Letter1374 Words   |  6 Pagesliterate, which is expressed throughout Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter. Pearl is outcasted from society because of her non-conformity to rigid Puritan morals, similar to how Hawthorne alienates his own daughter Una for having a more masculine personality. These aspects all mirror Hawthorne s emotions and hardships of his early life through the literary element of characterization. The analysis of Pearl emphasizes how The Scarlet Letter is a reflection of Hawthorne s life, and how the feelingsRead MoreSimilarities and Differences Between Anne Hutchinson and Hester Prynne1607 Words   |  7 Pag esSimilarities and Differences between Anne Hutchinson and Hester Prynne While many people may feel that Anne Hutchinson has nothing in common with Hester Pyrnne they actually more alike than most people would think. Nathaniel Hawthorne, author of â€Å"The Scarlet Letter,† used many references to Anne Hutchinson in his book. During his life, he wrote a sketch of Hutchinson thus portraying his interest towards her and the characteristics of her life. It could be accurate to say that Anne Hutchinson was used asRead MorePuritianism and Literary Techniques in The Scarlet Letter Essay2812 Words   |  12 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne has made a beautiful, admirable, extraordinary approach in this novel said Henry James regarding The Scarlet Letter. It has the beauty and harmony of all original and complete conceptions and its weaker spots are not of its essence, but mere light flaws and inequalities of surface. The novel has the inexhaustible charm and mystery of great works of art. It has a high style of polish as well as a charming freshness. Hawthorne has cultivated with great industry his natural senseRead More Symbols in The Scarlet Letter Essay1814 Words   |  8 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Symbols unlock the secrets of a story. Hawthorne, in The Scarlet Letter, uses many symbols to represent different things. Some symbols represent the same thing. The letter â€Å"A† has many meanings, each character has their own meanings, and even the different parts of nature are symbols. Also, apart from providing structure for the novel, each scaffold scene conveys something different. One could say, arguably, that nearly everything in The Scarlet Letter is a symbol for something else.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the novel

A Right to Bear Arms Living the Second Amendment Free Essays

Linda Hasselstrom vehemently defends her choice of means to protect herself in her essay, â€Å"A Peaceful Woman Explains Why She Carries a Gun†. The topic of gun control provides for a heated debate between those that believe guns are dangerous and unnecessary and those who rely both on the protection of the gun and the right to its possession. Rather than waxing philosophic on her rights under the Second Amendment, she describes years of feeling powerless and finding that the conventional and more passive methods of self-defense are simply ineffective. We will write a custom essay sample on A Right to Bear Arms: Living the Second Amendment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hasselstrom makes a convincing case for her choice to carry a gun. The most persuasive aspect of the essay is the way that Hasselstrom leads the reader to the obvious conclusion that gun possession was her only option. She describes, on page 371, the advice given to women to avoid certain situations. While she complies, she is irritated at the idea that the precautions only apply to females, and that females must fear men. Next, she describes incidents in which she felt helpless because more physically powerful men were immune to polite requests and common decency. Instead of going directly to the gun, she spent time learning martial arts and self-defense, only to realize that the sheer size difference was too great a disadvantage. Her most convincing argument is the story of the woman who called for help for a flat tire only to be raped and beaten. Hasselstrom’s implication is that if the woman had a gun in her possession, it never would have happened. In conclusion, Hasselstrom does not suggest that every woman carry a gun, nor does she recommend using that gun to threaten anyone unnecessarily. Rather, she keeps the gun for protection and only reveals it in order to protect herself. Not only is â€Å"A Peaceful Woman†¦Ã¢â‚¬  a convincing argument for gun possession, but it is also a tribute to the lasting nature of the Second Amendment. How to cite A Right to Bear Arms: Living the Second Amendment, Papers

Dialogue Example free essay sample

There are so many things on my mind! † Stephanie stood up from the rusty old chair while she cleaned the spilled milk on the table. â€Å"Yeah, I know. Today was just†¦ awful! I can’t believe this happened! † She sighed. â€Å"I had to leave work and all my students were so happy. Ironic, huh? How somebody’s happiness can be based on somebody else’s pain. † he said, trying to block all the memories of the day. â€Å"I know it’s not easy Gabriel! I was there remember? I was leaving Mary at school, when I got that dreaded call. † â€Å"And I also can’t believe you took her with you to the police station! † Gabriel said, accusingly. â€Å"What was I supposed to do? † she answered defensively. â€Å"I didn’t plan for this; I had nowhere to leave her! † Stephanie began to approach her husband, who was lost in his thoughts. We will write a custom essay sample on Dialogue Example or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"Poor kid, must be suffering as much as us. † He looked straight into Stephanie’s eyes and whispered, â€Å"I don’t know how to explain to her what happened, I don’t know what to say. † â€Å"She heard and saw enough today. Stephanie said while resting her head on his shoulder, â€Å"I think she’s so strong and mature for her age. † â€Å"I wish I could say the same for her brother. Do you think he’s right? Could he be telling us the truth for once? †Gabriel murmured, somewhat ashamed, bowing his head. â€Å"You heard what the police said! † she responded angrily. â€Å"Evidence is clear and we cannot fix this! † Stephanie reached her hand out towards Gabriel’s shoulder. Gabriel took her hand and placed it in his. â€Å"This is like a never ending nightmare. How are we going to face this? You know how people are gonna †¦Ã¢â‚¬  The middle aged man’s face dropped to their joined hands. Hey! † Stephanie cried, â€Å"our family is more important than people! Don’t turn this about you. † â€Å"What are you talking about? Of course it’s about me! It’s also about you! It’s our family for crying out loud! † Gabriel wiped the tears from her delicate torn face. â€Å"Yes, our family. Our family†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Stephanie pulled away from Gabriel, staring at the pictures of her parents. â€Å"How am I ever, going to tell my mother? You know this will break her heart. † â€Å"I think this’ll be the hardest thing of all for both of us. Well, besides visiting our son only once a week. Ha! † Gabriel grimaced. I don’t want to see my son like that Gabriel. What parent does? † Stephanie asked, now pacing back and forth. â€Å"The kind that don’t have another choice. † He looked up and said. â€Å"The kind that loves the boy they raised to do good, but got sidetracked on the way. The kind who’ll support the kid who’s now grown and made mistakes, but still keep calling him a boy when he’s twenty five years old. † After a few seconds of thinking about what was said, Stephanie asked; â€Å"Are we bad parents, Gabe? † She now had a serious look on her eyes. â€Å"What have we done so wrong, that our child is now considered†¦ a criminal? â€Å"We’re doing our best, love. We don’t have to question our parenting! We need to ask God for his purpose in all of this. Mayb e Eliud has to go through this to learn his lesson. † Gabriel said, while holding Stephanie’s hands. â€Å" I can’t believe you’re talking about God at a time like this. † She dropped her hands from his in a swivel movement and said; â€Å"Our son has been guided through the right path. He has been educated with all the right tools, love, support and even material things have never ceased. Now would be a pretty nice time for Him to show up, don’t you think? â€Å"We are talking about the God who parted the Red Sea, the God that sent his only son so we could have life in abundance. The same God that gave us Eliud and Mary, when the doctors said otherwise,† Gabriel emphasized, holding her close; â€Å"He will make a way Stephanie. † â€Å"Okay, I know He will. It’s so hard not to doubt when all you see is the dark tunnel with no way out. Our son Gabe, a thief, a junkie†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Stephanie now, drenched of emotion, cried on Gabriel’s chest. â€Å"In the mean time†¦ I love you, and we will get through this, with His help. † They both sobbed, while a bright light came through the kitchen window.

How to Define an Essay

What is an essay? The term â€Å"essay† was introduced in the 16th  century by writer Michel de Montaigne. Since then, many bright minds tried to give a precise definition to this literary form but no universal variant was formulated yet.The reason for that is the slippery nature of this type of writing, which appears to be in a shapeless form with a loose structure and a vast variety of subjects that may be covered.An essay can be informal, relaxed and humorous. It can also be formal, impersonal and even dogmatic.The voice of each piece of writing, its fictional qualities and the reader’s role may vary drastically.Each writer treats an essay as a literary form, which is to be shaped according to his unique vision.Usually, this composition is brief but again, due to the flexible nature, some essays can be quite voluminous.The five-paragraph structure is most preferable. Yet, the number of paragraphs can be increased until the point when the author manages to convey the main message.The essay may be written in the first-person point of view (I, ours, mine) but third-person (people, he, she) is preferable in most academic papers.The majority of texts composed in this literary genre is written in prose but there are pieces of writing in verse that are also called essays.How famous writers describe an essayInterestingly, each essayist has his own definition of what an essay is.Aldous Huxley: One damned thing after another. A literary device for saying almost everything about almost anything.Francis Bacon: â€Å"Dispersed meditations.†Samuel Johnson: Loose sally of the mind. An irregular, indigested piece, not a regular and orderly performance.Edward Hoagland: Greased pig.George Dillon: Attempts to convince the reader that its model of experience of the world is valid.Yoshida KenkÃ… : Nonsensical thoughts written in idle hours.The purpose of an essayAn essay is truly versatile and can be effectively utilized in many settings. It can easily be used as the follo wing pieces of writings:literary criticismpolitical manifestsdiscussionsobservationsrecollectionsreflectionsIn many countries, essays became a major part of the educational system. Evaluation of the writing skills is used to assess the performance of students in almost all educational establishments worldwide. The number of academic essay types is impressive. To name a few, students are required to write the following literary forms:expository essaydescriptive essayargumentative essaynarrative essayreflective essayprocess essaycause and effect essaycompare and contrast essayclassification and division essayHistory can be studied and may be better understood through essays written by different authors from the past and theorists in the present.What’s more, the concept of an â€Å"essay† has been now used in other media, which does not imply writing. For example, the phrase â€Å"film essay† sounds natural in the filmmaking industry as much as the phrase â€Å"ph otographic essay† in a photographic environment.As we can see, the nature of an essay is vague but generally, it may be defined as a literary piece of writing the central idea behind which is a self-expression of the author.If you feel like you’re struggling with writing your own essay, contact us and get your paper written by a professional essay writing service. Make your life easier and more fun!

Fundamentals of Information Technology Essay Example

Fundamentals of Information Technology Essay Example Fundamentals of Information Technology Essay Fundamentals of Information Technology Essay Fundamentals of Information Technology Name: Course: Institution: : Lecturer: Date: Table of Contents Fundamentals of Information Technology.. 1 1. Importance of observing the correct shut down procedures using; 1 a) Hard disk. 1 b) Thumb drive. 1 2. a) Information system that can be installed on the doctor’s computer is; 1 b) How Expert system works. 1 c) Advantages and disadvantages of the system.. 2 d) The purpose of each of the following items and why each would not be suitable to the scenario in item 2. 2 3. a) Differences between Internet and Intranet 3 b) The role of each network identified in 3a in ; 3 c) The roles of the following components on a network; 4 d) Computer security risk. 5 Fundamentals of Information Technology Importance of observing the correct shut down procedures using; a) Hard disk Observing the correct shutdown procedures when using hard disk is vital in minimizing the data loss risks because it helps to prevent the hard disk that acts as permanent memory storage of information from crashing. Failure to shutdown correctly will prevent the machine from starting up well the next time. It prevents spyware, malware, rootkits and viruses as well as extends the life of the computers. b) Thumb drive When initiating a correct shutdown procedure, windows starts to write data to the thumb drive, which acts as a portable memory storage. This operation needs proper procedures of shutting down the computer and failure to do so might lead to corruption of files or they may fail to read the next time they are opened. a) Information system that can be installed on the doctor’s computer is; Expert system can be installed on the doctor’s computer b) How Expert system works. First, it must be fed with knowledge from experienced doctors specializing in bacterial infections. Second, the doctors may contribute the information on a particular subject like the HIN1 issue. The subject issue will be programmed into the system and the information will be presented. Extra information may be needed in order to help the expert system eliminate possible options. The expert will eventually use the data and apply ruling system in suggesting the possible solutions to the bacterial infections causing the HIN1 thus providing a cause for medical treatment. c) Advantages and disadvantages of the system One of the advantages of the expert system is that it is reliable and it operates as a human brain thus grants one the ability to exploit a substantial amount of knowledge. Secondly, the system usually contains knowledge-based information necessary for educating a particular situation as described in the program. Nevertheless, one of the disadvantages is that the expert system requires an expert or someone with experience to operate in a particular field. Secondly, they work manually thus opening many possibilities for errors. d) The purpose of each of the following items and why each would not be suitable to the scenario in item two i) Management information system The purpose of the management information system is to provide information required as well as manage an organization efficiently and effectively. Management information systems cannot work in the scenario presented in item 2. This is because management information systems highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the company in order to improve the business operation thus cannot work well in this scenario. Moreover, the scenario requires diagnosis of HIN1 disease and yet management information system tries to provide an overall picture of the organization as well as act as a communication or planning tool in an organization (Singh, 2004). ii) Decision support system The purpose of this system is to help individuals to be more consistent when they are making decisions because people are usually subjective and are likely to alter their decisions any time. Thus, this system may not be appropriate in the scenario of HIN1 diagnosis because an individual may chose to override the analysis of the computer thus the system will be completely automated (Mohan, 2010). Hence, it will not work well because the decisions are subjected to changes thus proper information about the disease infection and diagnosis procedures may not be achieved. iii) Transaction processing system Its purpose is to maintain the integrity of data, which is being processed. In case one of the steps that make up data fail, then the whole transaction may fail, thus data may be rolled back to the same state it was before the transaction started. This system will not be suitable in the HIN1 scenario because the transaction system deals with financial situations in tracking funds. a) Differences between Internet and Intranet i) Internet Internet is a network used for the public and it can be accessed by anybody connected to it across the globe. ii) Intranet Intranet is a network for private use and it can only be used by those people who are allowed to access to it. Intranet is an inward facing system within an organization and it may include interlinked local area network connections. b) The role of each network identified in 3a i) Banking In the banking sector, Internet plays diverse roles and it is used by everyone in accessing the information about the banking system and the services provided by different banks. Internet is used in the banking sector for ecommerce, communication purposes within and outside the organization as well as in electronic transfer funds by clients. Additionally, the Internet in banking can help to reduce fraud through providing customers with passwords for accessing information through using unique sets of communication protocols. In addition, Intranet plays vital role of sharing the banking information through telecommunicating within the banking organization. Employees within the banking organization may share information as well as use the intranet in computation purposes. The information is shared within the organization that uses web technologies in communication purposes internally. Such information may include teleconferencing, organization policies or any information about new banking systems. It enables banks to share confidential information on banking systems within the banking sector. Lastly, banking organizations may use extranet in exchanging large volumes of data through using electronic data interchange. They can share services exclusively with their customer from outside as well as use extranet in ecommerce through collaborating with other companies on joint development efforts. Extranet is a private network that extends outside the organization and it uses private Internet protocols and telecommunication system to secure information of business or operation with vendors, clients or other businesses. c) The roles of the following components on a network; i) Client The role of the client is to make applications or make requests to the server through sending messages to the server. The web client works with a large screen display and the client manages information or application results sent by the server. ii) Server The role of the server is to respond to the client through acting on each request the client send to the server thus returning the required results. One server supports diverse clients and multiple servers may be networked together in order to handle increased processing loads to many clients. d) Computer security risk i) Types of computer risks Physical theft and electronic threats are among the types of the computer security risks. ii) Reasons each is considered a risk Physical theft is considered as a computer security risk because it contributes to loss of data confidentiality thus making the data stored on the disk suspect. Additionally, electronic threat is considered a risk because other malicious threats such as spoofing emails or other website links in social networking can steal personal information is a threat to computer security. iii) Risk management strategy that lessen or eliminates physical theft risks One way of managing physical theft risks is through use of firewall appliances. Peltier (2001) recommends that the use of firewall products such as network appliances or individual software packages is vital because they lessen or eliminate the risks. Intruders keep on scanning the user systems constantly for unknown vulnerabilities. Thus, it is vital to use network firewalls whether software or hardware based because they can provide some degree of protection against these physical threat as well as malicious attacks. Although firewalls cannot detect or stop all the attacks, it can lessen the risks. References Mohan, P. (2010). Fundamentals of information technology. Mumbai [India: Himalaya Pub. House. Peltier, T. R. (2001). Information security risk analysis. Boca Raton, Fla: Auerbach. Singh, P. (2004). Fundamentals of information technology. Jaipur, India: Sublime Publications.

Crminology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Crminology - Essay Example Generally, Murray (1990) believes that the underclass has a negative impact on the moral fabric of the society and that they are responsible for the occurrences of anti-social behavior in the society. He actually believes in left realism: he ignores the possibilities that crime could also come as a result of political and ideological factors. Therefore, he considers the underclass individuals as criminal minds and as people defined by their deplorable behavior in reaction to their situation but not their situation. Murray (1990) primarily insists that illegitimacy is to be blamed for the deplorable behaviors. For instance, he comments that women under the low class have a higher probability of giving birth to illegitimate children. He asserts that these illegitimate children easily "run wild" since they do not have father role-models. Further, Murray (2001) affirms the responsibility of the underclass unwillingness to work to the rising crime and the break-down of the community life. Again, Murray emphasizes so much on left realism such that he overlooks the possibilities of crimes being caused by the powerful in the society: he believes only the poor are to be blamed. Critics however claim that Murray’s conclusions have no evidence and are baseless. For instance, Alan Walker asserts that Murrays concepts are founded on innuendos, anecdotes, and assertions. Additionally, a research done by John Ermish about single mothers, in the 1980s, established that most women never stay put as single parents. Walker further comments that individuals in the underclass apparently desire stable relationships and jobs (Biressi & Nunn, 2013). Additionally, Anita and Heather (2013) comment that single mothers who divorced in reality take averagely longer time to claim on benefits than single mothers who have never been married. Certainly, Murray’s critics are right realist thinkers; they believe that crime does not only result from the poor but from

Faculty of Business Environment and Society Essay - 6

Faculty of Business Environment and Society - Essay Example Managing of international human resources actually enables an organization to compete successfully in the global marketplace, and this is a proper method for the employees development (Du Plessis & Beaver, 2008). The human resource managers allow their employees to go on international assignments without basic training or given time for the â€Å"transitioning†. The human resource managers have to put in place structures that develop the required leadership professionalism. The reviews on relevant literature would provide a picture of the affairs regarding human resource Managers and employees. The significant difference in between human resource management and international human resource management is the fact that one is related to multinational corporations while the other is related to domestic firms (Du Plessis & Beaver, 2008). The effective international managers are those who are flexible, adaptable, speaking in foreign languages, open-minded, and make friends from many nationalities (Du Plessis & Beaver, 2008). This is advantageous especially when a company outsources overseas in order to explore a new market that has the new lifestyle, labour conditions, and language. At the point when a business expects to grow to an abroad market, human resource directors need to use human capital keeping in mind the end goal efficiency and productivity. Human resource chiefs could counsel local delegates of an oversee business with respect to employment aspects, the country’s local culture, safety, traditions or customs so as to work in concordance with local procedures. In Dubai, for example, like the most of Islamic nations, the foreign women are not permitted to be employed. Hence, this will influence human resources worldwide recruitment procedure for the workers, as well as for wives of its professional expatriates. Diverse moral and business guidelines can likewise

Informative speech - continuation career path Essay

Informative speech - continuation career path - Essay Example We have different units for dyeing, woodworking and enveloping. Taken together these different units contribute to the overall success of the business and adding to the bottom-line of the company. We supply furniture to universities, offices and hotels among others on a contract basis. We ensure good quality and reliability in our delivery that ensures repeat business from many of our clients. To come to my career plans in this business, I want to use my education as an IT major to contribute to the success of the company. I believe that with the use of IT in business, it would be possible to manage inventory and sales and purchases in a better way. To start with, we could have an integrated solution that has the components of sales and finance along with inventory. Each of these components would cater to one particular business area and would be integrated as a whole with the net result that there would be a systemic approach to the whole concept of doing business in total. I want to use my training in IT to design the system and implement it across the business. Thus, my career path would be that of an entrepreneur who uses his education to the advantage of the family’s business. To focus on the likely rewards that may accrue to me, first, I would be happy with the fact that I am helping my family along with taking care of the entire business in the future. At another level, it would also mean that I would be giving back to the country of my nationality from which I have gained substantial benefits and privileges. Taken together, these would constitute my motivation in serving my family and country. In monetary terms, I would have the satisfaction of growing the business and ensuring an augmented income stream for me and my family. The flip side of my career plan is that I may not be able to realize my earlier goals of a career in the IT industry. However, I have started taking

Discrimination In The White Tiger

Discrimination In The White Tiger The narrative techniques observed in these two novels are different each with its own unique style. This essay deals with the narrative technique employed by Harper Lee in To Kill a Mockingbird and Aravind Adiga in The White Tiger. A contrast is brought out between the narration presented by the protagonist Scout Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird and by Balram Halwai in The White Tiger. The lifestyle and situation presented in these two novels differ in their society as well as in their times. Scout Finch presents her story by the backdrop of the American society of the 1930s and Balram the Indian Society in the new millennium. These differences however bring out the common theme of discrimination observed, but from two different perspectives, with the help of examples from the prevailing conditions. This has been done by looking into the various factors of the narrative technique employed by these narrators. The style of writing, tone, characterization, backgrounds all vary in these two novels. Each of this is brought out by comparing and contrasting the narrative technique adopted by these two authors. All of this not only differentiates the style adopted to convey the message in each of these books but at the same time brings out the limitations and reliabilities of the two narrators. By doing so, the novels throw light on the age old social hierarchy in two different forms and does so from two unconventional perspectives, thus making them more believable. Introduction Discrimination is the theme in a flawless narrative by a lawyer in Alabama who later served in the legislature, as well as the theme in a powerful book by a young Indian traveler half a century later. To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee depicts the theme through the racial biases down south in the Americas of the early 1900s while The White Tiger, by Aravind Adiga depicts a similar divide through the metaphoric India of the darkness and India of light. This essay deals with the foregrounding of the theme of discrimination in Harper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird and AravindAdigas The White Tiger by a study of the narrative technique employed by the narrators. The narrator is the person chosen to convey the plot to the reader, and both the books being analyzed here have unconventional narrators whose gripping narration keeps the readers engaged through the book. In Lees To Kill a Mockingbird, Scout Finch is the narrator, with the perspective of a child from the age of five to eight through three summers in a row where she experiences the whole situation presented in the novel. Though the narration happens at a much later age, years after the incidents have unfolded; the innocence and naivety in the narrator have been retained. The narrator Balram Halwai in The White Tiger is however different. This narration is not as complex as Scout Finchs and is presented from the first persons point of view with this entrepreneur as its protagonist. He presents his life through a series of letters with an autobiographical element to it. Both these narrators bring out the common class divide observed by speech and dialogue, setting, age, tone, and plot. By doing so they present the same subject matter from two distinctive perspectives and this has been analyzed here. There is a complex narration observed in To Kill a Mockingbird from the perspective of a child as well as an adult. The narration is presented by Scout Finch from when she was eight years old. The adult narrator begins the novel by opening the story with the help of an analepsis. The adult narrator recounts the events in the way she experiences them as a child, without adding any commentary to it. She plunges straight into the story, which has been presented from a childs point of view and as Atticus points out, Theyve done it before and they did it tonight and theyll do it again and when they do it seems like only children weep  [1]  thus portraying the emotions she felt at that time. However the adult narrator brings out her understanding with age when she states, I never figured out how Atticus knew I was listening, and it was not until many years later that I realized he wanted me to hear every word he said  [2]  Her comments on her childhood naivety does not make her om niscient but definitely gives her the power of omniscience as she is able to look back on the events that have occurred and comment on the thoughts running in other peoples heads as she has matured considerably over time and has been able to understand many more things. The adult narrators lack of interference gives the reader a chance to embark on the journey which brings out this discrimination with the young Scout. By doing so they view the events in the light in which they occurred without any biases. Along with this they are also given a chance to observe the way the young Scout handled herself through this crisis and matured through it as she switches back to first person narration when she is directly involved in the action as seen in the court case of Tom Robinson. The reader is thus able to connect with the protagonist and experience the journey alongside her. By this, the reader is free to derive their own conclusion of what they read in the book, though she has limited them by providing it all from her point of view. The narrator further supports this narration when the adult Scout drops in subtle hints for the events she wants the readers to see when she says, We sometimes discussed the events leading to his actions.  [3]   The narrator Balram Halwai in The White Tiger is however different. Living a rags to riches story the protagonist emerges from the darkness to light, from the villages in Central India to New Delhi and then to Bangalore. Balram presents this autobiographical narration over seven nights through letters to Wen Jiabao, the Chinese Premier, shortly visiting India. His letters have an autobiographical element to it as it spans his life from his childhood to his present status and the journey from the darkness to light. Balrams narration brings out the Indian social hierarchy prevalent in society from his point of view, a very different version from what his master Mr. Ashok views it to be. While the latter condemns the country for having too many half baked men, Balram mocks the rich for having studied for decades and then finally taking orders from other men for the rest of their lives when he says, Entrepreneurs are made from half baked clay.  [4]   We see India as it is today from a member of a working classs perspective and we get an insight into much that we wouldnt under normal circumstances have given a thought to. Adiga presents a view of the world from the narrators perspective for the benefit of the reader, and this brings out the effect of using such an unconventional narrator. His use of the English language in its simplest form by the use of simple sentences reiterates his position in the society and makes him more appealing to the reader. This can be supported by: In the morning someone came into the room. It was ex driver number one.  [5]  This sentence spoken by Balram towards his colleague throws light onto the education he received for despite his age is he still spoke like a child. His cunning, sardonic tone applied when he states the above, makes him mean and a man of the world who has learned how to survive, creating an ambiguity of his age. There is a contrast between his age and speech here which furthe r brings out his position in society. His ambitions to reach the top of the hierarchy and clear away all the class distinctions put forth to him puts him at the apex of the situations that arise in his life, such as revealing the religious secret of driver one, and the murder of his master, Mr. Ashok. This makes the reader acquainted with the protagonist here and gives one the freedom to judge this character in the way one wants, similar to Scouts narration. Scout, as a narrator is perceived differently from him, for she is merely a viewer for the reasons of her troubles in society. The childish tone adopted by her brings out the truth in the fear felt by the society when something out of the ordinary happens, for instance with Boo Radley. They accuse him of being a ghost but Scout views him as a friend and fellow human being after he saves her life, when she says, Atticus was right. One time he said you never really know a man until you stand in his shoes and walk around in them.  [6]  This brings out a maturity in her and an understanding got with experience. By this, she comes across the prejudices faced by the adult society which were unknown to her. This aspect of her narration portrays her as a round character as more than one aspect of her character emerges through this. The directness with which she voices out her thoughts to Atticus can be compared to the bluntness with which Balram in The White Tiger expresses his opinion on the things around him. This brings out his upbringing in Darkness  [7]  , by the lack of refine to him as a person. His frequent exclamations while expressing his views, however harsh they might be, without any regret suggest this as well. His thirst to prove himself as educated and rich is brought in this tone adopted by him as he tries to prove himself to the Premier by referring to himself as a one of its most successful (though probably least known) businessman  [8]  . His tone brings out the pride he feels on the wrongs he did in his life to reach the top rung of the ladder of success when he says, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦I became, briefly, a person of national importance owing to an act of entrepreneurshipà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã‚  [9]  He is in fact talking about murder in this context without any guilt. He tries to bring out his knowledge to the Premier in a way which suggests that he knows it all by listening to the people around him. This is supported by words such as apparently and I guess. These suggest an uncertainty and the idea of being made up as they support the ideas of being unsure. Scout Finch as presented by Lee does not try to prove herself and brings out her natural reactions towards the events which occurred in her childhood. The adult narrator does not try to modify any of her reactions as a child and presents is all in the sequence it occurred. She brings out her confusion and her imagination, thus presenting Balram as a very defensive character. Along with this she also brings out the hostilities faced by Atticus on taking up Tom Robinsons case. Scout is unable to understand all of this and cites her confusion. The title here plays an important role in foreshadowing the character of the narrator and highlights the theme of discrimination. A mockingbird stands for innocence. This motif of the mockingbird too arises in the novel four times through the course of her narration. One of which is the column written by B. B. Underwood on Toms death which goes against this discrimination and brings out the humanity that is present in such a society. On the other hand, the title The White Tiger, suggests uniqueness and rarity, acting as an epithet to the protagonist Balram. His unconventional narrative is brought out by his colloquial language seen in his exclamations as well as in the various parentheses like No: dont misunderstand. I had nothing to do with his death! But Ill explain later.  [10]  His use of this trivial incident of death while writing to a person as important as a Premier of a country sites his background and education. The choice of narrator here makes this discrimination observed more predictable as its presented is by a person who has been at the receiving end of it. This could also however be interpreted to be a little farfetched and not completely accurate for the experiences could have been exaggerated by the narrator so as to gain sympathy and prove himself right. The protagonist through the first person narrator is able to project his thoughts and feelings by his perspective. Scouts inner confusion comes out in this manner with the help of speech and dialogue in To Kill a Mockingbird, when she has to face the hostility of the society after Atticus takes up Tom Robinsons case. Her words are confused and she is not always aware of the events occurring around her. This brings out her imagination, her age and thus her character. In such times of uncertainty Scout also exhibits a maturity, when in conversation with Miss Maudy, where she states, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦but Atticus was only a man. It takes a woman to do that kind of work.  [11]  Along with this she also brings out her view of the racial discrimination that exists in society when she hears the ladies talking, and she admires Aunt Alexandra for her ability to put on a strong face even in the time of crises. Her view of everyone being equal because the working classes too has families as sh e has seen with the family retainer Calphurnia , makes her view point different from what an adult might have been at that time simply because her thoughts werent biased. Her speech also reveals the problems faced by her because of the biases. Her belief of equality between the white and black make her stand out against the biases of the society. She also presents the other characters from her point of view. They are biased according to what she makes them to be and are presented as part of her life and not explicitly for the readers. This taints them by the opinion she holds of them. This can be supported by her opinion on Walter Cunningham when she states He aint company, Cal, hes just a Cunnigham   [12]  All of these characters are characterized indirectly as they are all introduced by the narrator. This provides a limitation for the reader to judge them as they are all presented from the perspective of the narrator and are biased. This makes it unreliable for the reader to judge them. A similar pattern is observed in The White Tiger as well. The characters have all been tainted by Balrams point of view. They have been brought out in the sequence of action that occurs in his life and at the junctions where they play a part in making the narrator who he is today. His descriptions of his fellow characters and the events occurring are clear, concise though broken in some parts. The readers first impression of Mr. Ashok, his master is, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a figure on the terrace, a fellow in long loose white clothes, walking around and around, lost deep in thought  [13]  .This not only highlights the contrast between the narrator here and in To Kill a Mockingbird, but also reiterates his position in society especially when he says, the moment I saw his face, I knew: This is the master for me.  [14]  This unconventional narrative contributes towards developing the narrator as a character by the turn of events in his life and once again reminds the reader of his upbri nging. The White Tigers cunning, ambitious nature is brought into focus with the way he exposes the driver number ones secret to their master and uses anothers downfall to reach his own success. This narrators view on the happenings around him combined with his style of getting things done his way defines him as an efficient protagonist who knows what happens around him and what still remains to be achieved. This confidence of his brings out a stark contrast to the narrator in To Kill a Mockingbird. Scout Finch is oblivious to the seriousness of the case taken up by Atticus to defend Tom Robinson, and because of this she is partially unaware of the social disgrace her family is facing and projects this by her childlike style of writing. The hardships faced by Balram in The White Tiger as seen with, Working in a tea shop. Smashing coals. Wiping tables. Bad news for meà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦?  [15]  infuses in this protagonist the class distinctions and presents the society around him from a very biased view as opposed to the narrative adopted in the other book where her opinion isnt as biased. Balrams narration is Adigas novel brings out his blunt, unrepentant and outright nature and the presence of mind and grit exhibited to reach the top of the social hierarchy. This is a startling contrast to Scout in Harper Lees novel. Her innocence and pain is contrasted to his ways of the world here. He knows how to get his way around and use the people around him to get his way. While Scout finds it a need to protect her father against peoples vile judgments of calling him a nigger lover, he unrepentantly awaits the murder of his family for his crimes. He presents his views on discrimination from the perspective of the higher class now that hes an entrepreneur himself. He presents discrimination of class based on power here as is seen by his actions, something he had initially gone against. Harper Lee in contrast to this brings out Scouts lack of understanding and interpretation of the seriousness of the situation by her speech and dialogue which describes her tomboyish and enthusia stic nature and her curiosity towards everything happening around her. She now sees the cruelty of children against their peers as she feels it herself and her tomboyish nature cannot be contained in such matters as is seen with, My fists were clenched I was ready to make fly. Cecil Jacobs had announced the day before that Scout Finchs daddy defended niggers.  [16]   Just as Balrams background brings out the unusual style of writing in The White Tiger, its Scouts age which brings out the unconventional narrative observed in To Kill a Mockingbird. It defines the innocence and imagination present in a child without that being tainted by the working of the real world. It brings out the world as is viewed by the narrator then and thus helps in bringing out the accuracy of events taking place. In contrast to this brings out the ambiguity in the reliability of the narration as it has been presented by a child. There were situations which were too serious for her and were presented more by her imagination than by the reality of it. This emphasizes the point of her being a child who cannot be completely trusted in her report for her interpretation is naÃÆ' ¯ve and cant be completely relied upon. The narrators age is however important here as without considering that the reader might misjudge her character. It brings out her naivety and innocence by th e lack of clear understanding in matters of grave seriousness such as the conviction against Tom Robinson. The truthfulness of a childs narration keeps the reader in its grasp by the suspense created by it and makes him believe her and empathize with her. Her tone and voice keeps the narration light though the topic matter is serious. Scouts perspective is distinguished from that of the societys and helps in bringing out discrimination at two levels. For one Scout is continually told by Aunt Alexandra to wear dresses and not play with the boys; and they are also condemned for supporting the blacks, as seen by her cousin when At a safe distance he called, Hes nothin but a nigger-lover.  [17]  Condemnation goes at two levels and brings out the magnitude of this theme in the book by highlighting its intensity and making it more believable. This theme of discrimination forms the basis of the plot which is developed by the controlled release of information. The characters are introduced one by one and the themes are introduced in the time of crises. This heightens its effect and makes the reader focus on it. The theme of discrimination is brought out when the whites insult the black. The adult narrators description of the other peoples reaction at the court scene brings out the dissatisfaction in the crowd as well as reinforces the prejudice of the jury towards the white, despite the Negro being innocent. The analepsis is used by Adiga in The White Tiger for a different effect. The plot has been constructed in such a way that the reader is continually reminded of the protagonists current position. This helps in concluding each letter and also making a reference to his office, which makes the reader acquainted to the present setting as well as bringing out a contrast between his past and present status. This is reinforced by his pride and constant references to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the chandelier has a personality of its own. Its a huge thing, full of diamond shaped glass pieces, just like the ones they used to show in the films of the 1970s.  [18]  in his tiny office. The plot deals with his brilliance in how he handles situations and on analyzing the people around him as he presents a very judgmental view on the other characters and presents them as he sees them a stark contrast to Scout Finchs narration. Conclusion The various aspects of the narrative technique presented by Harper Lee in To Kill a Mockingbird and by Aravind Adiga in The White Tiger have been analyzed through the course of the essay. The different styles on writing adopted by the writers to bring out the theme of discrimination, which has been analyzed here by looking at the tone, characterization, speech and dialogue, plot and setting of the two novels. The common style of using an analepsis has been brought out here, which helps in involving the reader into the plot. This makes the reader appreciate the work more as he is able to connect with it. One of the common aspects observed in this essay is the presentation of the plot without any external comments. This has left the reader with the choice to judge the characters and interpret the narrators intentions in the way he wants. Despite this, there are certain limitations which are provided for the way they make their judgments. This is observed by the narrators perspectives on the way they view their fellow characters and the events that occur. Scouts childish narration, supported by her confusion and maturity and Balrams sardonic tone adopted to bring out the world from the point of view of a lower class brings out theme of discrimination from an altogether different perspective. The narrative technique helps in throwing light on the life of the narrator and makes their tales more believable. Yet there are some limitations which crop up. Scout Finch is a child who doesnt understand all that happens around her. This makes her a little unreliable because of her tendency to let her imagination infuse with the reality of things. Despite this she presents a very unbiased view of the society around her, thus projecting the blacks and whites in the same light. Adiga on the other hand presents Balram Halwai as a person whose defensiveness makes him prove himself every time he claims to have done something. In doing so there are times where he might have exaggerated the course of the events that have occurred to draw sympathy towar ds himself and presents the society and its people from a very biased view. These two narrators bring out the same theme with different motives. There are however several limitations which I faced while writing this essay. One being the lack of secondary sources to back up my argument thus making me base my argument completely on the texts in hand and on my personal interpretation of it. Along with this I put together my data from a variety of sources as this topic of analysis here is not a well documented topic as it has been primarily based on class discrimination. There is also a scope of a more exhaustive study as this essay has only dealt with some of the aspects of the narrative technique such as the tone, setting, plot and so forth and much more can be said on these aspects of the narrative technique employed by these two authors. The representation of the theme of discrimination is similar in many aspects in these two novels. Both these authors have used a very unconventional way of bringing out this these. There is an attempt by the author to present these themes in such a way that the readers are easily able to connect with it and understand the underlying motives and intentions of the narrators. Lee has brought out such a serious topic from the perspective of a child through an analepsis, whereas Adiga presented his novel through the protagonist Balram Halwai by using some aspects of the Bildungsroman technique. By adopting these methods, they have provided one with scope for a very exhaustive analysis not only in the narrative techniques adopted but also on the other features to foreground this theme of racial discrimination.

Womens Studies: Woman of the Year Refia Ari -a pioneer of Special Need

Women's Studies: REFIA ARI - Woman of the Year Pioneer of Special Needs Education for disabled children in KKTC Cyprus Refia Ari received the Woman of the Year award in 2003 of the Women's Studies & Education Centre, Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU), KKTC/TRNC-Cyprus. She enabled special needs education for disabled children, children's disability support for their parents and disabilities careres. "Mrs. Refia (Ari) has created for .. children a world that becomes more beautiful every day" (Sà ¼leyman Ergà ¼Ãƒ §là ¼, News Director, Bayrak Radio-Television -rtd ~YaÅŸamÄ ±n Ä °Ãƒ §inden BRTK, Cyprus-KKTC) This woman's nation also has its share of disabled children. But Cyprus-KKTC had no facilities for children with disabilities. Neither for their care, nor for their well being and education. Nor for the welfare and educational support needs of their parents. Special needs education did not exist for children with disabilities. Parents of disabled children had no education on how to cope. Children with mental or physical handicaps simply existed and suffered. Refia Ari changed that for the disabled of Cyprus-KKTC. Her Successful Woman of the Year Award by the Eastern Mediterranean University's Women's Studies and Education Centre was for her pioneering works which made that change possible. Especially for children with disabilities and the parents of handicapped children. While Cyprus is in, both, the British Commonwealth and the European Union, and, indeed, also in the European Convention on Human Rights, concerns were, as of the United Nations, mostly with its inter-communal conflict, and neither local nor foreign aid existed for the disabled men and women and children of Cyprus-KKTC -not even an official disability re... ...ial education provisions catering also for the special needs of disabled children up the age of 18, and she was included in its committee for the re-organisation of the educational system which should also ease the integration into society of disabled children by their education in ordinary schools. Refia Ari, with her exceptional leadership qualities and extraordinary organising skills having worked wonders for the handicapped children of Cyprus-KKTC, is reported in the media to be pursuing her vision to get official help, support and education extended also to disabled adults. Her voluntary works with various disability organisations and vision for the disabled, as she stated to the BRTK, is based on Refia Ari's philosophy that -translated "We have advantages in life and disadvantages, some of us can't run -but if one's hand is held one can at least walk."